Infinite Dimensional Spaces and Cartesian Closedness

Infinite dimensional spaces frequently appear in physics; there are several approaches to obtain a good categorical framework for this type of space, and cartesian closedness of some category, embedding smooth manifolds, is one of the most requested condition. In the first part of the paper, we start from the failures presented by the classical Banach manifolds approach and we will review the most studied approaches focusing on cartesian closedness: the convenient setting, diffeology and synthetic differential geometry. In the second part of the paper, we present a general settings to obtain cartesian closedness. Using this approach, we can also easily obtain the possibility to extend manifolds using nilpotent infinitesimal points, without any need to have a background in formal logic.